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Numerous other Scientologist-run organizations and organizations belong to the umbrella organization World Institute of Scientology Enterprises (WISE), which accredits using Hubbard's management teachings, and distributes directory sites of WISE-affiliated businesses. WISE requires those who wish to end up being Hubbard management speaks with to finish training in Hubbard's administrative systems; this training can be undertaken at any Church of Scientology, or at one of the schools of the Hubbard College of Administration, which uses an Associate of Applied Science Degree.


Another popular WISE-affiliated organization is e. Republic, a publishing business based in Folsom, California. e. Republic publications consist of Government Innovation and Converge publications. The Center for Digital Government is a division of e. Republic that was established in 1999. Internet ISP EarthLink was established by Scientologists Sky Dayton and Reed Slatkin as a Scientology business.




This area needs growth. You can help by adding to it. In order to assist in the ongoing expansion of Scientology, the Church has made efforts to win allies in the kind of powerful or reputable individuals. Scientology Perth. Though it has obtained some credibility as a faith in numerous nations, Scientology has actually also been referred to as both a cult and a company.

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For instance, it has been kept in mind to engage in harassment and abuse of civil courts to silence its critics, by identifying as Level playing field individuals it perceives as its opponents. In 1979, a number of Scientology members were founded guilty for their participation in the church's Operation Snow White, the biggest theft of federal government files in U.S.


Scientologists were also founded guilty of fraud, manslaughter and damaging witnesses in French cases, destructive libel against lawyer Casey Hill and espionage in Canada. In his book World Religions in America, spiritual scholar Jacob Neusner mentions that Scientology's "high level of exposure" may be perceived as "threatening to developed social organizations".


From 1952 until 1966, Scientology was administered by an organization called the Hubbard Association of Scientologists (HAS ACTUALLY), developed in Arizona on September 10, 1952. In 1954, the HAS ended up being the HASI (HAS International). The Church of Scientology was included in California on February 18, 1954, altering its name to "The Church of Scientology of California" (CSC) in 1956.

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In 1967, the IRS removed all US-based Scientology entities of their tax exemption, stating Scientology's activities were business and run for the benefit of Hubbard. Debate followed the church on those years, but its development continued in the 1960s. New churches were formed in Paris (1959 ), Denmark (1968 ), Sweden (1969 ), and Germany (1970 ).


Centers of Scientology were in 52 countries by the time the 80s can be found in and grew to 74 by 1992. The church sued and lost consistently for 26 years trying to regain its tax-exempt status. The case was ultimately settled in 1993, at which time the church paid $12. 5 million to the IRSgreatly less than Internal Revenue Service had at first demandedand the Internal Revenue Service acknowledged the church as a tax-exempt nonprofit company.


Scientology cites its tax exemption as evidence the United States government accepts it as a religion. this hyperlink In January 2009, elimination of the tax exemption was rated as number 9 in products for the inbound Barack Obama administration to investigate, as determined in a web poll run by the governmental transition team obtaining public input for the incoming administration.

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State Department has slammed Western European countries for discrimination against Scientologists in its published yearly International Religious Flexibility report, based upon the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998. In some countries Scientology is dealt with legally as a company, and not as a faith or charitable company. [] In early 2003, in Germany, The Church of Scientology was approved a tax-exemption for the 10% license charges sent to the United States. The word Scientology (and numerous associated terms, consisting of L. Ron Hubbard) is a registered trademark. Religious Technology Center, the owner of the trademarks and copyrights, takes a difficult line on individuals and groups who attempt to utilize it in methods unaffiliated with the main Church (see Scientology and the legal system).


Ron Hubbard appointed Mary Sue Hubbard to take control of read here specific aspects of legal protection for the CoS in 1968 and the Office of The Guardian was developed with its head office positioned at Saint Hill Manor - Scientology. Under The Guardian's Office (later renamed the Workplace of Unique Affairs or OSA), Church members and contracted staff from Bureau One later arranged and committed one of the biggest penetration of United States federal agencies ever committed by an organization not connected with a foreign federal government (that is, one such as the KGB).


In the trial which followed the discovery of these activities find out here the prosecution described their actions as such: The criminal offense dedicated by these defendants is of a breadth and scope previously unprecedented. No building, office, desk, or file was safe from their snooping and prying. No person or company was complimentary from their despicable conspiratorial minds.

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The Church has likewise in the past used aggressive techniques in dealing with those it sees as attempting to suppress them, called Suppressive Persons (SPs) first outlined by Hubbard as part of a policy called level playing field. Perth Scientology. It was under this policy that Paulette Cooper was targeted for having authored, a 1970 expos book about the Church and its founder.


Using blank paper understood to have been managed by Cooper, Scientologists created bomb dangers in her name. When finger prints on them matched hers, the Justice Department started prosecution, which could have sent out Cooper to jail for a prolonged term. The Church's plan was discovered at the very same time as its Operation Snow White actions were exposed.